Izimakethe Eziyinhloko Zokuthekelisa

Europe, East-Europe, Russia, Middle-Asia, North America, South America njalonjalo.

Incazelo Yomkhiqizo

I-manifold isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ipayipi elikhulu lokufudumeza lamanzi kanye nepayipi lokubuya ohlelweni lokushisa phansi. I-manifold iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokulawula ukushisa kwamanzi ashisayo aphansi. Njengoba izinzuzo zokushisa kwamanzi phansi zamukelwa abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe, ukubaluleka kwekhwalithi ye-manifold kancane kancane kuqashelwa abantu. Njengomshini wokusabalalisa nokuqoqa amanzi oxhumanisa ipayipi ngalinye lokushisisa iluphu ukuze linikeze futhi libuyisele amanzi, inqwaba iyingxenyana yezinto zokusebenza ohlelweni lokushisisa phansi futhi idlala indima ebalulekile. I-manifold yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: i-manifold, umqoqi kanye nobakaki ongashintshi. Kubandakanya ipayipi eliyinhloko lesihlukanisi samanzi (ibha enkulu), ipayipi eliyinhloko lomqoqi wamanzi (ibha enkulu), i-valve yokulawula isilawuli segatsha, i-valve yokukhipha umoya, ipulaki yepayipi eyinhloko, iphaneli yodonga kanye nephaneli (i-sub-catchment yohlobo lobakaki ayinalo iphaneli) nezinye izingxenye. Izesekeli eziyinhloko isihlukanisi samanzi, umqoqi wamanzi, isihlungi, i-valve, i-valve yokukhulula umoya, i-valve yokukhiya, ikhanda elihlangene, ikhanda elihlangene elingaphakathi, kanye nemitha yokushisa.