Izimakethe Eziyinhloko Zokuthekelisa

Europe, East-Europe, Russia, Middle-Asia, North America, South America njalonjalo.

Incazelo Yomkhiqizo

I-manifold isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ipayipi elikhulu lokufudumeza lamanzi kanye nepayipi lokubuya ohlelweni lokushisa phansi.I-manifold iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokulawula ukushisa kwamanzi ashisayo aphansi.Njengoba izinzuzo zokushisa kwamanzi phansi zamukelwa abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe, ukubaluleka kwekhwalithi ye-manifold kancane kancane kuqashelwa abantu.Njengomshini wokusabalalisa nokuqoqa amanzi oxhuma ipayipi ngalinye lokushisisa iluphu ukuze linikeze futhi libuyisele amanzi, inqwaba iyingxenyana yezinto zokusebenza ohlelweni lokushisisa phansi futhi idlala indima ebalulekile.I-manifold yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: i-manifold, umqoqi kanye nobakaki ongashintshi.Kubandakanya ipayipi elikhulu lesihlukanisi samanzi (ibha enkulu), ipayipi elikhulu lomqoqi wamanzi (ibha enkulu), i-valve yesilawuli segatsha, i-valve yokukhipha umoya, ipulaki yepayipi elikhulu, iphaneli yodonga kanye nephaneli (uhlobo lwabakaki i-sub-catchment ayinalo iphaneli) nezinye izingxenye.Izesekeli eziyinhloko isihlukanisi samanzi, umqoqi wamanzi, isihlungi, i-valve, i-valve yokukhulula umoya, i-valve yokukhiya, ikhanda elihlangene, ikhanda elihlangene elingaphakathi, kanye nemitha yokushisa.